John ellis



J. ELLIS. STEAM ENGINE.

' (No Model.)

Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

I m a I I l I I l I III F IWZIHHHH- UNITED STATES PATENT GFFIGE.

JOHN ELLIS, OF KEYNSHAM, SANDOIVN, ISLE OF WIGHT, ENGLAND.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,764, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed January 16, 1889. Serial No. 296,567.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN ELLIS, dental surgeon, of Keynsham, Sandown, Isle of WVight, England, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam and other Motive Power Engines, (for which I have received Letters Patent in Great britain, No. 11,8i7, dated August 16, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention consists of certain improvements in steam and other motive power e11- gines, and has for its object a novel construction of piston and slide-valve combined in one piece, thereby dispensing with the ordinary valve-eccentric and other parts known as the valve-gear. In order to accomplish this object,I make the cylinder of the engine with one inlet for steam, compressed air, or other gases or elastic fluids near the middle thereof, with one or two outlets for exhaust, the exhaust-ports being situate, when two are used, on each side and at some distance from the inlet. I also make the piston of any desired length with a cavity, into which a fixed stud in the cylinder enters, and peculiarlyformed channels cut'or cast in its periphery,

the channels being so formed and arranged with regard to the ports that steam or compressed air or other gases or elastic fluids passing through the inlet will be conducted alternately to each end of the piston, thus producing by its initial and expansive force a reciprocating motion to the piston without the aid of a separate slide-valve and its a'djuncts; The channels in piston are also so formed as to permit of the steam, &c., escaping by the exhaust-ports at each stroke of the piston.

In order that my present invention may be fully understood and readily carried into practice,I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings, which show the construction and action of a steam-engine (for the sake of example) having my improvements applied thereto.

Figure 1 represents the side elevation of an engine-cylinder and portion of piston-rod,

which may be attached in the usual manner by a cross-head and connecting-rod to the crank-pin of a fly-wheel shaft for producing rotary motion, as is well understood. The said piston-rod may also be directly connected to (N0 model.) Patented in England August 16, 1888, N0.-11,847|

the plunger of a pump or the spindle of a rockdrill, (neither of which forms any part of my invention, which has for its object the peculiar construction of a piston working in a cylinder,) or it may be adapted to any other purpose to which it is applicable. For instance, it may be adapted as an engine employed for dental purposes in place of what is known as a mallet.

In the accompanying drawings, A A, Fig. 1, represent a side elevation of the cylinder; Fig. 2, an end elevation with one of the covers removed; Fig. 3, alongitudinal section with piston and piston-rod in elevation. Fig. 4 is a plan of the engine; Fig. 5, a plan of the piston; Fig. 6, an end elevation of piston; Fig. 7, a transverse section taken through the line I) c of Fig. 5; Fig. 8, a plan of the under side of piston, showing the steam ports or ducts for the inlet of steam. Fig. 9 is in part a longitudinal section and in part a side elevation of the piston on the piston-rod, showing the connection of said parts, and also showing a modified form of the eccentric recess.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.

The cylinder comprises the cylinder-body A and the cylinder-heads A, the latter being provided with stuffing-boxes A The cylinder is provided centrally of its length at diametrically-opposite points with exhaust-ports D D, and with a centrally-disposed inlet-port E, which enters the cylinder at right angles to the exhaust-ports. The cylinder is also provided with a lubricating-cup C, which is screwed into an opening 0 at the top of the cylinder. The cylinder is also provided with an inwardly-projectingstud 1', preferably composed of steel and screwed into an opening in the top of the cylinder. A piston-rod 13,0 5 any suitable length,

depending upon the purpose for which it is' designed, extends through the cylinder and through the stuffing-boxes in the cylinderhead. A piston F, disposed on the pistonrod within the cylinder, consists of a solid cylindrical block provided with a central aperture for the passage of the piston-rod. This block is provided on its lower side near its periphery with a longitudinal steam-passage h, which opens at its outer end at the left-hand end of the piston into the left-hand end of the cylinder, as illustrated in Fig. 3, and at its inner end through aperipheral port 72, in the piston near the right-hand end thereof. The piston is also provided with a horizontal steam-passage h, located near its periphery adjacent to the passage h. The steam-passage It opens at its outer end at the right-hand end of the piston into the right-hand end of the cylinder, as illustrated in Fig. 3, and at its inner end through a peripheral port 7L3 near the left-hand end of the piston. These steam-passages h and h establish communication between the inlet-port E and the opposite ends of the cylinder, re-

spectively, as the piston is reciprocated. The

piston is also provided on opposite sides adjacent to a diametrical line with exhaust-passages g g, the former establishing communication between the right-hand end of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 3, and the exhaustport D of the cylinder, and the latter establishing communication between the left-hand end of the cylinder and the exhaust-port D. The piston is provided on its upper side with an elliptical cavity f, into which the stud c' of the cylinder projects. One end of the piston is provided with an annular recess F and the piston-rod is provided with a fixed collar B, which sets into said recess. A washer w is bolted within said recess outside said collar,

and these parts constitute the means of attaching the piston to the piston-1'od, the attachment being such that the piston is free to oscillate on the rod. The cavity f may be in the form of an elliptical channel or elliptical groove, as shown in Fig. 9, and the stud i may be provided with an anti-friction roller.

The operation of the engine is as follows: The parts being in the relative positions shown in Fig. 3, steam or other elastic fluid under pressure enters the left-hand end of the cylinder by the inlet-pipe E, the steam-port 71, and the steam-passage h, as indicated by arrow 1, and its pressureforces piston F, in the direction of the arrow 2, toward the righthand end of the cylinder, and the steam exhausts from that end, as indicated by arrow 3, through the passage 9 and outlet D,which are then in communication with each other.

In its motion from one endof the cylinder to I piston being in the direction of the arrow 4.

When the outstroke is finished, the oscillation of the piston will have brought the exhaust-passage g opposite the outlet-port D and the steam-port h opposite the steam-pipe E. The instroke will then be made in a 1nanner similar to the outstroke and the parts will be restored at the end of the instroke to the positions shown in Fig. 3.

It will be obvious that the motor may be A applied in numerous different ways and to many diflerent purposes. In fact, I would have it clearly understood I do not limit myself whatever in the application and adaptation to all purposes for which it is suitable.

My improved motor can be made singleacting only, if desired.

I would remark that so-ealled valveless combined piston and slide-valve according to my present invention.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. The combination of a cylinder provided with inlet and exhaust ports and with an inwardly-projecting stud, a piston-rod, a piston adapted'to turn on said rod Within said cylinder, said piston consisting of a solid cylindrical block provided with inlet and outlet passages, and with an elliptical cavity in its periphery, into which said stud projects.

2. The combination of a cylinder provided with inlet and exhaust ports and with an inwardly-projecting stud, a piston-rod extending through said cylinder, and a piston adapted to turn on said rod within said cylinder, said piston consisting" of a solid cylindrical block provided with inlet and outlet passages,

and with an elliptical cavity in its periphery, I

into which said stud projects.

3. The combination of a cylinder provided with inlet and exhaustports and with an inwardly-projecting stud, a piston-rod, a piston on said rod within said cylinder, provided near its periphery with two parallel steampassages hand h, having, respectively, pe-- ripheral ports 71 h with exhaust passages g'g' on opposite sides, and with an elliptical cavity, into which said stud projects.

4. The combination of a cylinder provided with a peripheral inletport, peripheral exhaust-ports at diametrically-opposite points, and an inwardly-projecting stud, a piston-rod extending through said cylinder, and a piston on said rod Within said cylinder, consisting of a solid cylindrical block provided with parallel steam-inlet passages adjacent to each other near the periphery of the block, said passages opening at their outer ends at opposite ends of the block into said cylinder and at their inner ends on the periphery of said block and inclined at an angle to the axis of the piston, and an elliptical cavity in the periphery of said block, in which said stud projects, substantially as described.

. JOHN ELLIS. In presence of FRANCIS A. J oven, Notary Public,

Zcmd. w

WILLIAM ABRAHAM, Clerk to 1111'. F.A. Joyce, Solicitor and Nom Newport, Isle of Wight.

Newport, Isle of Wighf ,Eng- 

